The fast-paced industry development has made switching power supplies an indispensable part of many industries. They not only provide stable power for various devices, but also have the characteristics of high efficiency, compactness and lightness, making them widely used in many fields such as industry, commerce and household appliances. As one of the common specifications, 24vdc power supply has attracted much attention due to its special application scenarios and advantages. Therefore, this article will explore the various aspects of switching power supply in depth to help readers fully understand this power supply technology.

1. Uses of switching power supply

Switching power supply (SMPS) is a modern power supply device that is widely used in various electronic devices and systems. Switching power supplies play an important role in modern life and industry, and their application fields are extremely wide, including but not limited to the following aspects:

1. Industrial automation

In the field of industrial automation, switching power supplies provide power for various control systems, sensors and actuators. 24VDC power supply is especially commonly used in equipment such as programmable logic controllers (PLCs), human-machine interfaces (HMIs) and industrial robots to ensure the stability and reliability of system operation.

2. Communication equipment

Modern communication equipment such as routers, switches and base stations all rely on switching power supplies. Switching power supplies can provide stable voltage and current to ensure that communication equipment can work properly under various conditions. 24VDC power supply is often used in network equipment and data centers to provide reliable power support.

3. Medical equipment

Switching power supplies are also indispensable in medical equipment. Since medical equipment has extremely high requirements for the stability and safety of power supply, the high efficiency and low noise characteristics of switching power supplies make it the first choice. 24VDC power supply is widely used in medical monitoring equipment, X-ray machines and ultrasonic equipment.

4. Consumer electronics

Switching power supplies are more widely used in the field of consumer electronics, such as TVs, computers, audio systems and game consoles. These devices require power supplies of different voltages and powers, and switching power supplies can provide appropriate power as needed. 24VDC power supply is particularly prominent in high-performance audio and high-end display equipment.

5. Military and aviation

In the military and aviation fields, the high reliability and adaptability of switching power supplies make them an ideal choice. Various navigation equipment, communication systems, and control devices rely on switching power supplies to provide stable power. 24VDC power supplies are often used in military vehicles and avionics to ensure reliable operation in extreme environments.

2. Advantages of switching power supplies

Switching power supplies have many significant advantages over traditional linear power supplies, which make switching power supplies the first choice in many application scenarios.

1. High efficiency

The efficiency of switching power supplies is usually between 80% and 90%, and some high-efficiency models can even reach 95%. This is much higher than the efficiency of linear power supplies (usually around 60%), which means that switching power supplies lose less and generate less heat when converting electrical energy. Therefore, switching power supplies can significantly reduce energy consumption and heat dissipation requirements during long-term operation.

2. Small size and light weight

Since switching power supplies do not require large-sized transformers, their size and weight are greatly reduced. This is an important advantage for the design of modern electronic equipment, especially in application scenarios that require portability and compact design. 24VDC power supplies are commonly found in portable devices and applications that require high power density, and are popular for their lightness and compactness.

3. Stable output

SMPS can provide stable output voltage and current to adapt to various load changes. This is very important for equipment that requires high-precision power supply, such as precision instruments and medical equipment. 24VDC power supply is widely used in many demanding applications due to its stability.

4. Strong adaptability

Switching power supplies can adapt to different input voltage and load requirements by changing the operating frequency and duty cycle. This allows them to work normally in different environments, and neither grid voltage fluctuations nor load changes will affect their performance.

5. Multiple protection functions

Modern switching power supplies usually have multiple built-in protection functions, such as overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, overheating protection, and short-circuit protection. These functions can protect the equipment and the power supply itself in abnormal situations to avoid damage and accidents. 24VDC power supply is usually required to have these protection functions in industrial and medical equipment to ensure safety and reliability.

3. Working principle of switching mode power supply

The working principle of switching power supply is relatively complex, but it can be summarized into the following key steps:

1. Input rectification and filtering

The switching power supply first converts the AC input into DC through a rectifier circuit. The rectifier circuit is usually composed of a diode bridge and a filter capacitor. Although the rectified DC has a high pulsation component, it is suitable for subsequent switching circuit processing.

2. Switching regulation

The core switching regulation part includes power switching devices (such as MOSFET or IGBT) and control circuits. The power switching device switches at high speed, controls the on and off time of DC power, and adjusts the output voltage through pulse width modulation (PWM). The control circuit monitors the output voltage and current, and adjusts the working state of the switching device according to the preset parameters to achieve the purpose of stable output.

3. Energy transfer

During the high-speed switching process of the switching device, electrical energy is transmitted through a transformer or inductor. The transformer not only realizes voltage conversion, but also provides electrical isolation to increase the safety of the system. The inductor is used to store and release energy and smooth the output voltage.

4. Output rectification and filtering

The current after passing through the transformer or inductor is converted into DC power again through the rectifier circuit. The output rectifier circuit usually uses Schottky diodes, which have low voltage drop and high speed characteristics. Finally, the remaining pulsation components are removed by the filter capacitor to output a stable DC voltage.

5. Feedback control

Feedback control is an important part of the switching power supply to maintain a stable output. The control circuit monitors the output voltage in real time and compares it with the reference voltage. According to the comparison result, the duty cycle of the PWM signal is adjusted, and the on-time of the power switch device is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the output voltage is stable at the set value.

IV. Application of 24VDC power supply

In many application scenarios, 24VDC power supply is widely used, and its specific voltage specifications are suitable for various devices that require stable DC power supply.

1. Industrial automation

In industrial automation systems, 24VDC power supply provides power for devices such as PLC, HMI, sensors and actuators. Since these devices usually require a stable and reliable power supply, the high stability and multiple protection functions of 24VDC power supply can ensure the normal operation of the system.

2. Communication equipment

24 volt dc power supply is also very common in communication equipment, such as base stations, routers and switches. The requirements of communication equipment for power supply are not only stability, but also low noise and high efficiency. 24VDC power supply can meet these requirements well.

3. Medical equipment

In medical equipment, 24VDC power supply is used in various monitoring equipment, treatment equipment and diagnostic instruments. These devices have extremely high requirements for the stability and safety of the power supply. 24VDC power supply provides efficient, stable and safe power support to ensure the reliability and accuracy of medical equipment in use.

4. Consumer electronics

24VDC power supply is widely used in high-performance audio systems and high-end display devices. These devices usually require a stable power supply to ensure the best sound quality and image quality. 24VDC power supply can not only provide stable voltage output, but also reduce the impact of power supply noise on device performance.

5. Military and aviation

In the military and aviation fields, 24VDC power supply is used in various navigation equipment, communication systems and control devices. These devices work in extreme environments and have extremely high requirements for the reliability and adaptability of the power supply. 24VDC power supply ensures the normal operation of equipment under various harsh conditions with its high efficiency, stability and multiple protection functions.

5. Design and selection of 24VDC power supply

When designing and selecting 24VDC power supply, the following key factors need to be considered:

1. Power requirements

Select a suitable 24VDC power supply according to the power requirements of the equipment. The rated power of the power supply should be slightly higher than the actual demand to ensure that the power supply can still work stably when the load changes.

2. Efficiency

Choosing an efficient 24VDC power supply can reduce energy loss, reduce heat generation, and improve the overall efficiency of the system. High-efficiency power supply is not only energy-saving and environmentally friendly, but also prolongs the service life of the equipment.

3. Stability

The output voltage and current of the power supply must be stable, and the fluctuation range should be within the range that the equipment can withstand. The output stability of the 24VDC power supply directly affects the performance and reliability of the equipment.

4. Protection function

The 24VDC power supply should have multiple protection functions such as overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, short circuit protection and overheating protection. These functions can protect the equipment and the power supply itself under abnormal conditions to avoid damage and accidents.

5. Environmental adaptability

Choose a 24VDC power supply with good environmental adaptability according to the application scenario. Power supplies used in high temperature, low temperature, high humidity or dusty environments must have corresponding protection levels and adaptability designs.

VI. What are the specific applications of 24VDC power supply?

In order to better understand the application of 24VDC power supply, we can explain it in detail through several actual cases.

1. Automated production line

In an automated production line, PLC and sensors require a stable 24VDC power supply. By selecting an efficient and stable 24VDC power supply, the production line achieves efficient automated control, greatly improving production efficiency and product quality.

2. Communication base station

When a communication company built a base station, it used a high-performance 24VDC power supply to provide power for the base station equipment. This not only ensures the stable operation of the base station, but also reduces maintenance costs and energy consumption, and improves the reliability of the network.

3. Medical monitoring system

In an advanced medical monitoring system, the 24VDC power supply provides power for various monitoring equipment to ensure the stability and accuracy of the equipment during long-term continuous operation. Due to the high efficiency and low noise characteristics of the power supply, the monitoring system is able to provide accurate medical data.

Conclusion

Through the detailed introduction of this article, we can see that switch mode power supply has a wide range of applications in modern electronic devices, and their high efficiency, stability and versatility make them the preferred power supply solution in many fields. In particular, 24-volt DC power supply plays an important role in many fields such as industrial automation, communication equipment, medical equipment and consumer electronics. Understanding the working principle and design selection of switching power supplies is of great significance to improving equipment performance and reliability. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology, switching power supplies will continue to show their advantages in a wider range of applications, providing more efficient and reliable power support for our lives and work.